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In the name of Allah most gracious most merciful.
Ramadan regulations and rulings
Written by: Abdurrazzak Taher Farih
Translated by: Dr. Faheem Bukhatwa.
29 Shaban 1443
01 Apr 2022
Dearly beloved in Allah,
Ramadan starts tomorrow or the day after tomorrow, Allah knows best. As Muslims, our prophet ppbu urged us that we are to fast during the month of Ramadan in faith and expectations. The messenger ppbu said: {Whoever fasts Ramadan in faith and in expectation then all his/her previous sins are forgiven}. “in faith” means that the person has faith in Allah, and a belief that Allah is the one who imposed fasting upon him/her. While “in expectations” means waiting for the reward from Allah to clear and forgive all previous sins. And in another hadeeth the messenger ppbu was reported saying: {Whoever does night prayers during Ramadan in faith and in expectation then all his/her previous sins are forgiven}. Meaning, whoever does the night prayers (Qiam or Taraweeh prayers).
In another hadeeth the messenger was reported saying: {Whoever does night prayers during the night of Qadar in faith and in expectation then all his/her previous sins are forgiven}.
Slaves of Allah, Fasting is a great worship. Every Muslim, male or female should take great care of. They should know its foundations, what are the necessary obligations. What would be desirable or recommended to do and what would annul or invalidate the fasting. Then they should perform it correctly with care, and so he/she will do this worship in the manner or form Allah commanded him/her to do. And consequently, it is hoped that Allah will reward them as Allah promised to do. And for that reason I have summarised what is needed or required of rules during Ramadan in this talk.
Fasting from legal point of view, it is refraining and not taking anything that would break the fasting from dawn until sun set with the intention to do this fasting. The Almighty Allah Has imposed fasting for many reasons and wisdoms, the greatest of which is God-fearing God-appreciation.
Foundations of Fasting:
Fasting Ramadan has three main and important foundations for it to be done correctly:
1) The intention. Intention is one of the acts which is done within the heart. No worship would be right unless it had the intention. For the month of Ramada, one intention to be made at the start of the month is enough unless fasting is interrupted by travel or sickness of other reasons. It is even better to renew the intention by restating or announcing it for each day of Ramadan. This would cover you for all points of disagreements with different scholars.
2) Second foundation for fasting Ramadan is not to eat or drink or do anything that can break the fasting from dawn until sunset. Just as Allah says in the Quran: {Do eat and drink until you can identify a white thread from a black thread (in an unaided vision) at dawn time, then continue your fast until night time} 2 – 187
3) The third foundation of fasting refers to the person who is doing the fasting. It is a condition that the person be a sane, mature and able to fast and a Muslim.
Nullification of fasting:
1 ) The biggest and worst of those acts that can ruin and annul fasting is sex. If a fasting person intentionally participates in a full act of sex with his/her partner during the day of Ramadan then that day’s fast is annulled and requires (Qathaa) restitution (amending) and (Kaffarah) retribution (punishment) and that involves the following and in this order:
a) Setting free a slave who is has faith, if that is not possible, then,
b) Uninterrupted fasting for two months, and if you are unable to do so, then,
c) Feeding sixty poor persons.
2) The second act that can ruin and annul fasting is getting sexually arousal to the point of ejaculation. Meaning without actual intercourse. This who ejaculates due to arousal without intercourse, but may be due to kissing, approaching, touching, or using the own hand then it is a sin and one has to do Qathaa (compensation or substitution day of fasting) but not the Kaffarah.
While if a fasting person goes to sleep and has an exciting dream which causes him to ejaculate while asleep, then he should have the Gusl shower, and he is to continue his fasting and there is no sin Qathaa or Kaffarah. The reason is that this ejaculation happened unintentionally and beyond one’s control.
3) Intentionally eating or drinking. Anyone who intentionally eats during the day of Ramadan then his fasting is nulled and it is a sin and one has to do Qathaa (compensation or substitution day of fasting) but not the Kaffarah.
This who due to forgetfulness eats or drinks then let him continue the fasting. Consider that Allah has fed him or gave him a drink.
4) Intentionally throwing up or vomiting. This can be done by one putting his finger down his throat in order to empty his stomach. If vomiting takes place then fasting is nulled, and must re-fast in compensation or fast a replacement day (Qathaa). While if vomiting happens not intentionally and without his/her choice to do so, then let him continue his fasting as normal.
5) For women either getting the period or going through the after birth bleeding. If a female can see the blood, and this blood is caused by a period or afterbirth during a day of fasting either at the start of day or towards the end of the fasting day, even if it was moments before the end of the day’s fasting or azan of Maghrib, then she must break her fasting by eating or drinking and she must do compensatory or a replacement fasting for that day after she becomes blood free (Qathaa).
Notes:
Adhan - The call to prayer.
Ahmad (Ahmed)- Another name for the messenger Muhammad (PPBU).
Allah - The Arabic word for "god." It is often used as a name for God in Islam.
- The inhabitants of the city of Al-Medina that received and supported the messenger (PPBU) when he immigrated from Mekkah in the very early years of Islam.
Ansar (or Al-Ansar):
Assalam Alaikum - The Islamic greeting, literately means: Peace be with you. Used when approaching or leaving. When used during approaching it will be like saying: I bring no harm to you . and when said during leaving somebody it will mean: No harm will come to you after I leave.
- is a verse of the Koran. It also means a miracle or a sign from God.
Aya (or Ayah):
- is a mountain outside the city of Mecca that represents the climax of the Hajj worship. All doing Hajj must stay at this location on the same day.
Arafa (or Arafah or Arafat):
Badr - The place of the first significant battle between the Muslims and the pagans of the Quraish. It is located in Saudi Arabia.
Caliph - A Muslim ruler. See: (Khalifa)
Dajjal - Antichrist or the False Massiah.
Dawah - The proliferation of Islamic teachings through word and deed.
Deen (Din) - Religion or way of life.
- talking to Allah; praising him and asking him for help.
Duaa: a prayer in the form of
Fatwa - Legal verdict given based on the Qur'an (Koran) and the Sunnah which are the recorded sayings and deeds of Muhammad.
Ferdose: is the highest level of the all the gardens of Eden or paradise.
Fiqh - Religious law.
Hadeeth: is something reported that the messenger have said. It includes all the speeches and ceremonies he gave. It is usually narrated or told by one of his companions. There is a list of hadeeths approximately 14000 that are reported and checked to be genuine. No more hadeeths are acceptably added to this list.
Hajar - The Black Stone set into the corner of the Ka'aba in Mecca. It is said to be a stone from Heaven.
Hajj - The pilgrimage to Mecca which takes place in the last month of the Islamic calendar. One of the five pillars of Islam.
Hasana or hasanas: is the reward for a good deed. a hasana is a point or a merit for a good deed.
Hadith - The sayings and not deeds of the prophet Muhammad recorded by his followers. Considered authoritative and perfect.
Hajj: is the worship of pilgrimage.
Hijra (or Hejrah): the event of the immigration of the messenger from Mekkah to Madina. This event marks the start of the Islamic calendar. the Islamic calendar has 12 months based on the lunar cycle, each is 29.5 days. Hijra is also used as a name for the Islamic dating system.
Ibadah - Worship. All the words and deeds with which Allah is pleased. These deeds could be prayer and charity.
Iblis - (Ibleese): On of Satan's names.
Ibn (Ebn): the son of. Used by Arabs as part of an individual's name. Example: Ali whose father is Omar or the son of Omar, would be called: Ali Ibn Omar.
Imam (or Emam)- The leader for a prayer. In the Shiaa sect, an Imam is the individual who has the religious authority.
Iman: belief or faith
Injil (Enjeel) - The Bible. The book inspired to Jesus for the Christians.
Islam - Submission, the religion of all the prophets of Allah culminating in Muhammad.
Jannah - The heavenly garden, Paradise. The place of the faithful in the afterlife.
Jihad: is striving in the line of Allah in many forms. Includes a very wide scope varying from improving oneself to fighting a defensive war in protection of Allah's word. The greatest Jihad is the fight one's self against temptations. It also means "holy war."
Jinn - Supernatural, invisible beings race of beings, below angels. They were made from fire. Like humans, there amongst them are the faithful and the non beleivers and Jinn shall be judged on Judgment Day.
Ka'aba: A cube shaped building in Mecca containing a stone laid there by Abraham and Ishmael. Some say Ka'aba was first built by Adam, and some say by Abraham. It is the holiest place for Muslims. It is where all Muslims face in their daily prayers. Ka'aba also makes a major part of the pilgrimage in a ritual known as Tawaf.
Khalifa: is the Muslim ruler. Head of the Islamic empire. Exact translation: "Successor".
Khutbah - A sermon given in a Mosque, usually on Friday.
Kufr - Denial or Disbelief. A term Muslims use for anyone who denies existence of Allah or the prophecy of Muhammed.
Koran - Also spelled Qur'an. The holy book of Islam revealed to Muhammad by Allah through the Archangel Gabriel. Koran literally means "the recital." It is the final revelation of Allah given to the prophet Muhammad. It consists of 114 surahs (or chapters.)
Madinah - (Medinah): A city in the Arabian peninsula (in the country known now as Saudi Arabia). A city where the messenger had to immigrate to. Then it was called Yathrib.
Masjid - A center for Muslim activity. It is referred to as a mosque.
Masiah - A sin, or a sinful act
Mecca or Makkah: is the holiest city for Muslims. It contains the Ka'aba mosque with the famous black cubical shape. Mecca is the birth place of the messenger (PPBU).
Mosque - A Muslim house of worship.
Muhajir - (Muhajireen) Immigrant, one who leaves his home town due to lack of religious freedom. It was first used to describe early Muslims immigrating from Mecca to Median and Ethiopia.
Muhammad - the final messenger and prophet of God whose message abrogated all previous revelations. He received the Koran through the angel Gabriel over a 23 year period. Born in Mecca and died in Medina at the age of 63. His full name: Muhammad ibn Abd-Allah
Muslim - One who holds faith to the religion of Islam.
- Nafilah: a voluntary prayer other than the five obligatory prayers; performed at any time.
Nasara - Christians. Nasrani: A Christian individual. Nasraniah: Christianity.
Ommah: is the Arabic word for a nation. It usually refers to the Islamic nation unless otherwise specified.
Paradise - Another word for heaven. A garden of bliss, fruits, rivers and all forms of pleasures imaginable and imaginable. No suffering, disease or death. Service is provided by angels. All live in it an ever lasting youthful life. Promised by Almighty Allah to all faithful, true Jews, true Christians and True Muslims. Paradise is one of two places every person will go to, either Paradise or Hellfire.
- PPBU (P.B.U.H.) : Peace and Prayers Be Upon him. A statement Muslims use any time they mention the name of the messenger or make a reference to him.
Qadar - Fate. Preordainment is the teaching that all things, good and bad, are preordained to occur.
- Qadr - (night of Qadr): The night when the first revelation of the Koran took place. Most likely it happened during one of the last ten nights of the month of Ramadan. Or when the Koran was brought down to the nearest heaven in one go, and from there it was brought down in bits and few verses at a time over a period of 23 years. This night is considered the holiest night for Muslims with tremendous advantages.
Qibla - The direction which Muslims turn for daily prayers, towards Mecca.
Quraish - An ancient Arab tribe to which the messenger Muhammad belonged.
Ramadan - The ninth month of the Islamic calendar which is the month of the fast. The holiest month in the Muslim colander.
Salat - Prayers. Generally it covers all forms of worship, but more specifically refers to the Muslim rituals which is performed to worship Allah five times daily.
Shiaa: A sect of Islam that teaches that a religion leader (Imam) should be the political ruler and must be direct descendants of the messenger (PPBU). Therefore, disapproving of all Muslim leaders who ruled After the messenger (PPBU) except Ali, the messenger's grandson.
Shirk - Associating another god with Allah. Or associating anyone or anything with Allah. Or using anyone or anything as a medium to Allah. The opposite of Monotheism or Tawheed.
Siam or Soam- Fasting
Sunni: is a the title of those Muslims who are suppose to be following the life style of the messenger. This differentiates them from the Shiaa of Iran.
Sunna (Sunnah): Is how the Messenger PPBU lived, what he did or said. It includes the way he dressed, ate, drank, prayed, interacted with other people and fought. Basically, sunnah is the life style of the messenger PPBU. It is considered the second source of legislation in Islamic laws and it is considered to be an important reference to be used for concluding arguments and disputes. It is also a title give to the main stream Muslims who make 90% if all Muslims.
Surah - A chapter of the Koran.
Tawaf: part of the pilgrimage (Hajj) ritual. It involves walking round the Ka'aba Mosque in anti-clock wise direction a number of seven circles.
Tauhid - Tawheed - Monotheism, in Islam is the teaching that there is only one God who alone is worthy of worship. The first requirement of becoming a Muslim. It is included in the testimony of faith for new Muslims when declaring that God is one: (No God but Allah)
Taqwah - Proper fear and veneration of Allah. A divine spark that enables the person to understand God.
Taurat: The old Testaments and scriptures of Mosa.
Ummah - the word means: a Nation. Usually refers to the Islamic nation unless otherwise stated.
Umrah - (Amrah): A mini hajj. A Minor form of pilgrimage to Mecca. Unlike Hajj which can only be done on the 12th month of the Islamic year, Umrah can be performed at any time.
Wathoo (wadoo): a washing up ritual done by Muslims before each of the five daily prayers known as ablution.
Zaboor - The Psalms
Zakat - The third pillar of Islam. Alms giving, charity that is given to the poor.
